The largest bladder stone , according to Guinness World Records, weighed almost 4 pounds 3 ounces and measured Bladder stones may not produce symptoms straight away. But, if the stone irritates the bladder, symptoms can include the following:. Bladder stones start to grow when urine is left in the bladder after urinating.
This is often due to an underlying medical condition that stops the bladder from completely emptying when using the toilet.
Although some bladder stones do not produce any symptoms, they can still lead to complications if they are not removed. The two main complications are:. If bladder stones are caught when they are still small, simply increasing the amount of water the individual drinks can be enough to pass them naturally. If they are too large to pass in the urine, treatment for bladder stones normally involves either breaking them up or removing them by surgery.
In a procedure called cystolitholapaxy a doctor inserts a thin tube with a camera on the end into the urethra the opening found at the end of the penis or above the vagina. The doctor can view the stones through the tube and break them down. The doctor will use a laser, ultrasound , or a small implement to break up the stones before washing or vacuuming them away. This procedure is carried out under anesthesia. Complications from cystolitholapaxy are rare but can include tears in the bladder wall, and infections.
If the stones are too large to be broken down using cystolitholapaxy, surgery is an alternative treatment option. The surgeon will enter the bladder through a cut in the abdomen and remove the bladder stones.
Any surgical procedure comes with some risks, so cystolitholapaxy is always the first choice. Because bladder stones are caused by a range of medical illnesses, there are no specific ways to prevent them. However, if an individual experiences any odd urinary symptoms — pain, discoloration, blood — getting a medical opinion earlier rather than later is advisable.
Drinking plenty of fluids will also help break down any developing stones. Your doctor also might prescribe medicine to prevent infection. Your doctor may need to treat the cause of your bladder stones. For example, if your doctor finds a tumor in your bladder, they will check for cancer. The current clinical recommendation from the American Academy of Family Physicians AAFP does not include routine preventive screening for bladder cancer.
Left untreated, bladder stones can cause lasting damage. This includes repeat UTIs or injury to your bladder, kidney, or urethra. National Library of Medicine, Bladder stones. This article was contributed by: familydoctor.
This information provides a general overview and may not apply to everyone. Talk to your family doctor to find out if this information applies to you and to get more information on this subject. Painful urination could be an indicator of a problem, including urinary tract infections, vaginal infections, sexually transmitted infections, and…. A pelvic ultrasound allows your doctor to see the space between your hips that contains the sacrum, tailbone, bladder,….
Visit The Symptom Checker. Read More. Abnormal Uterine Bleeding. Vaginal Discharge. Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. Alcohol Abuse. Home Diseases and Conditions Bladder Stones. Table of Contents. Abdominal Ultrasound. Kidney Stones. Microscopic Hematuria. What are bladder stones? Symptoms of bladder stones Symptoms include the following: Stomach pain or pressure Cloudy or dark-colored urine Blood in your urine Frequent or painful urination Trouble passing urine, start and stop of the urine stream, loss of urine control Pain in your penis Signs of a urinary tract infection UTI , which may include fever, pain when urinating, urgency and frequent urination Not everyone has symptoms.
What causes bladder stones? How are bladder stones diagnosed? Additional tests include: A urine test using a sterile wipe to avoid bacteria Pelvic imaging CT scan, X-ray, ultrasound Urinary tract imaging CT scan , which might include a special dye injected into your veins to highlights the stones Cystoscopy inserting a small, flexible tube attached to a camera into your urethra, where urine passes.
Can bladder stones be prevented or avoided? Some infections can lead to bladder stones. Sometimes an underlying condition that affects the bladder's ability to hold, store or eliminate urine can result in bladder stone formation. Any foreign materials present in the bladder tend to cause bladder stones. It's possible to have nerve damage and a condition that causes bladder outlet obstruction.
Having these together further increases the risk of stones. Bladder stones that don't pass — even those that don't cause symptoms — can lead to complications, such as:.
Bladder stones are usually caused by an underlying condition that's hard to prevent, but you can decrease your chances of bladder stones by following these tips:. Mayo Clinic does not endorse companies or products. Advertising revenue supports our not-for-profit mission. This content does not have an English version. This content does not have an Arabic version. Overview Bladder stones are hard masses of minerals in your bladder. Request an Appointment at Mayo Clinic. Male urinary system Open pop-up dialog box Close.
Male urinary system Your urinary system — which includes your kidneys, ureters, bladder and urethra — removes waste from your body through urine.
Female urinary system Open pop-up dialog box Close. Female urinary system Your urinary system — which includes your kidneys, ureters, bladder and urethra — removes waste from your body through urine. Share on: Facebook Twitter. Show references Urinary calculi. Merck Manual Professional Version.
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