These are called rhizomes, and the roots extend from them. Turtle grass and Shoal grass are the two most common types we have here. Seaweeds on the other hand, are not true plants because they lack roots, stems, and leaves.
They are often called algae and must be submerged in water in order to absorb it. They are either float and drift in the currents, or can attach to hard objects on the seafloor using a structure called a holdfast. June grass and Sargassum are two common types that drift ashore. Like all plants, seagrasses need sunlight.
Near the shore, there is enough sunlight for seagrass, but they cannot tolerate the larger waves that our nearshore Gulf produces — thus they are restricted to the quieter waters of the Sound. This ecosystem is important to the overall health of our bay. Seaweeds also need sunlight. In rocky areas, you can find them attached in sunlit waters.
Much of our area is sand, so we do not see as many forms of seaweed as they do in the Keys or in California. However, we do have floating forms. Valiela, I. Macroalgal blooms in shallow estuaries: controls and ecophysiological and ecosystem consequences. Borum, J. Eutrophication in coastal marine ecosystems eds B.
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Nitrogen uptake dynamics of macroalgae and phytoplankton in shallow marine systems. Burkholder, J. Comparative effects of water-column nitrate enrichment on eelgrass Zostera marina , shoalgrass Halodule wrightii , and widgeongrass Ruppia maritima.
Touchette, B. Review of nitrogen and phosphorus metabolism in seagrasses. Inorganic nitrogen uptake kinetics and whole-plant nitrogen budget in the seagrass Zostera noltii. Brun, F. Effect of shading by Ulva rigida canopies on growth and carbon balance of the seagrass Zostera noltii. Beach, K. The impact of Dictyota spp. Dumay, O. Variations in caulerpenyne contents in Caulerpa taxifolia and Caulerpa racemosa. Raniello, R. Phytotoxic activity of caulerpenyne from the Mediterranean invasive variety of Caulerpa racemosa : a potential allelochemical.
Invasions 9 , — Xu, D. Allelopathic interactions between the opportunistic species Ulva prolifera and the native macroalga Gracilaria lichvoides. Gross, E. Allelopathy of aquatic autotrophs. Plant Sci. Achamlale, S. Evaluation of Zostera detritus as a potential new source of Zosteric acid.
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Tang, Y. The green macroalga, Ulva lactuca , inhibits the growth of seven common harmful algal bloom species via allelopathy. Harmful Algae 10 , — A positive allelopathic effect of corn cockle, Agrostemma githago , on wheat, Triticum aestivum. Bracken, M. Seaweed diversity enhances nitrogen uptake via complementary use of nitrate and ammonium. Ecology 87 , — Article PubMed Google Scholar. Waycott, M. Accelerating loss of seagrass across the globe threatens coastal ecosystems.
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Impacts of urban wastewater discharge on seagrass meadows Zostera noltii. Shelf Sci. Henley, W. Diurnal responses of photosynthesis and fluorescence in Ulva rotundata acclimated to sun and shade in outdoor culture.
Osmond, C. Fluorescence quenching during photosynthesis and photoinhibition of Ulva rotundata Blid. Planta , 97— Hanelt, D. The effect of photoinhibition on photosynthetic oxygen production in the brown algae Dictyota dichotoma. They extract nutrients from the water by diffusion.
Seaweeds do not produce flowers or seeds. They reproduce via spores. Seaweeds are photosynthetic; hence, they do not need sunlight. They produce oxygen and contribute to capturing carbon dioxide.
Moreover, seaweeds provide habitats for fisheries and other marine species. Some seaweeds are edible. Some are used as fertilizers. Furthermore, some species are used as a source of polysaccharides. Seagrass is a flowering plant which grows in the marine environment. It is a vascular plant that has true stem, roots and leaves. Seagrasses have long green grass-like leaves. In fact, they are monocotyledons. Seagrass produces seeds. But unlike other flowering plants, seagrasses lack stomata.
Since seagrass is photosynthetic, they are found in shallow depths where light levels are high. Seagrasses produce oxygen in marine systems. Hence, they are considered the lungs of the sea. Moreover, seagrasses can form dense underwater meadows.
Seagrasses provide shelter and food for many types of marine organisms, including tiny invertebrates to large fish, crabs, turtles, marine mammals and birds. Not only that, but seagrasses also can improve water quality by absorbing nutrients that were runoff from the lands.
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